Afrilu 1, 2019

Yadda Ake Zama Jagora Dan Dandatsa Farawa Daga Yau - Cikakken Jagora ga Masu farawa

Mafi yawa daga cikin masu fasaha suna da sha'awar zama dan gwanin kwamfuta amma basu san ta inda zasu fara ba. Wasu sababbin sababbin hanyoyin sadarwar da suke da sha'awa suna da sha'awar koyon yadda ake zama ɗan damfara mai mayen. A cikin tsaro na kwamfuta, dan dandatsa shine wanda ya hadu kan tsarin tsaro na komputa da tsarin hanyoyin sadarwa. Bayan sauraron kalmar Dan Dandatsa, akasarinmu muna shiga cikin tunani shine cewa su mutanen da suke shiga ciki kwakwalwa kuma ka rikitar da komai akan na'urarka. Wannan shine abin da yawancin talakawa ke alamta yin ɓarna a al'adun zamani. Amma, al'adun Hacking ba kawai sare na'urar mutum ba ne; maimakon haka, ya fi rikitarwa da ɗabi'a fiye da yadda yawancin mutane suka sani.

Mutane galibi suna bincike kan yanar gizo tare da tambayoyi kamar “Yadda zaka zama Dan Dandatsa mai Da'a, ”Menene dabarun da ake buƙata don zama dan gwanin kwamfuta,” Mecece Hanya Mafi Kyawu don Koyon yin kutse, ”“ Inda zan fara ”da ƙari. Na zo da cikakken jagora kan yadda ake zama dan dandatsa ta yadda zai iya taimakawa duk wadannan kwararrun masu fasahar kere kere wadanda suke kwadayin sanin abubuwa da yawa game da satar bayanai. Idan kuna matukar sha'awar koyan fasahohin shiga ba tare da izini ba, to kun sauka a daidai wurin. Duba wannan jagorar dalla-dalla kan satar bayanai sannan ku sami abin birgewa don kutsawa cikin rikitacciyar duniyar Hacking.

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Halin Dan Dandatsa

Masu fashin kwamfuta sune suke gina abubuwa kuma suke magance matsaloli. Tunanin dan dandatsa ba wai kawai an kayyade shi da wannan al'adun masu satar fasaha ba wanda ya hada da kwararrun masu shirye-shirye da masu sihiri. Halin ɗan gwanin kwamfuta ya ɗan bambanta da na wasu kamar yadda yanayinsu ya kebanta da takamaiman matsakaicin da gwanin kwamfuta ke aiki a ciki.

Masu fashin kwamfuta sun yi imani da 'yanci da haɗin kai. Don zama dan gwanin kwamfuta, ya kamata ku nuna hali kamar kuna da irin wannan halin da kanku. Don yin kamar kuna da kusanci, dole ne kuyi imani da matsayin da gaske. Ta hanyar haɓaka halaye na gwanin kwamfuta, zai iya taimaka muku ƙarin koyo da kuma motsa ku. Hanya mafi iko don zama jagora a kowane fanni ita ce kwaikwayon halayen iyayengiji ba kawai masu ilimi ba amma masu sha'awar. Ga wasu 'yan maki wadanda suka nuna yadda mutum zai iya zama dan dandatsa ta hanyar koyon tunaninsu da halayensu.

1. Duniya cike take da matsaloli masu ban sha'awa suna jiran a warware su.

Zama ɗan fashin kwamfuta galibi yana zama kamar nau'ikan nishaɗi, amma yana buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa tare da motsawa. Don zama dan dandatsa, dole ne ka samu ci gaba na asali daga warware matsaloli, kaifafa kwarewar ka, da kuma amfani da hankalin ka.

2. Babu wata matsala da yakamata a warware ta sau biyu.

Dole ne ku tuna cewa kwakwalwar kirkira koyaushe tana da mahimmanci, iyakantaccen hanya. Kada ku ɓata lokacinku don sake ƙirƙirar motar lokacin da akwai sabbin matsaloli masu ban sha'awa da yawa da ke jiran can.

Kuna buƙatar gaskanta cewa lokacin tunanin wasu masu fashin kwamfuta yana da amfani. Don haka, babban aiki ne a gare ku raba ilimi, warware matsaloli sannan kuma ku ba da hanyoyin don sauran maharan su mayar da hankali kan warware sabbin matsaloli maimakon riƙewa don sake magance waɗanda ke akwai.

Koyaya, "Babu matsala da yakamata a warware ta sau biyu" ba yana nufin cewa dole ne kuyi la'akari da duk hanyoyin da ake ciki azaman masu taƙawa ba ne, ko kuma cewa akwai madaidaicin hanya guda ɗaya ga kowace matsala. Mun hadu da matsaloli da yawa da kuma mafita kan hakan. Yana da mahimmanci don la'akari da cewa za mu iya yin mafi kyau. Amma, wasu lokuta shingen fasaha ko wani abu na iya toshe kyakkyawar mafita daga sake amfani da shi da zuga mutane su sake gano abubuwa.

3. Hali ba maye gurbin ƙwarewa ba.

Don zama babban gwanin kwamfuta, kana buƙatar haɓaka waɗancan halayen. Amma satar hali kawai ba zai sanya ku zama dan damfara ba. Zama ɗan fashin kwamfuta tabbas yana buƙatar hankali, aiki, sadaukarwa, da aiki tuƙuru.

Saboda haka, dole ne ku koyi rashin yarda da halaye da girmama ƙwarewar kowane nau'i. Masu fashin kwamfuta ba za su bari munafukai su ɓata lokacinsu ba, amma suna sha'awar ƙwarewa, musamman ƙwarewa a fashin kwamfuta, amma ƙwarewar kowane abu ana tantance shi. Yin aiki tuƙuru da sadaukarwa dole ne wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen zama ɗan gwanin kwamfuta.

4. Gagarar jiki da kuma gajiyarwa suna halakarwa.

Masu fashin kwamfuta kada su kasance masu gundura ko kuma yin rainin wayo, rashin aiki. Boredom da drudgery ba kawai rashin jituwa ba ne amma da gaske mugunta. Yana da kyau kwarai da gaske kuna buƙatar nisantar ragin raɗaɗi, gwargwadon iko, ba kawai don kanku ba amma ga kowa da kowa (musamman sauran masu fashin kwamfuta).

5. Kasance Mai Kirkira

Idan kuna son zama dan gwanin kwamfuta, kuna bukatar kirkira kuma ku fara tunani ta hanyar fasaha. Masu fashin kwamfuta su zama kamar sahun masu fasaha, injiniyoyi, da masana falsafa. Masu fashin kwamfuta suna da abubuwa iri-iri na al'adu da ilimi, ban da yin kutse.

Waɗanne illswarewa ake buƙata don Zama Dan Dandatsa?

A cikin sauki kalmomi, babu sihiri don zama Dan Dandatsa. Amma, kamar kowane abu mai mahimmanci, yana buƙatar sadaukarwa da ɗoki don koyo. Wajibi ne don samun ilimin asali na batutuwa daban-daban waɗanda zaku iya bincika cikin matakan ƙasa. Waɗannan sune abubuwan yau da kullun da yakamata kowane ɗan fashin kwamfuta ya sansu kafin ma yayi ƙoƙarin yin kutse. Da zarar kuna da kyakkyawar fahimta akan komai a wannan yankin, zaku iya matsawa zuwa matakin matsakaici.

Kwarewar Zamani

Hanya mafi kyau don juya kanka a cikin dan gwanin kwamfuta shine farawa daga asali. Da farko, dole ne ku mallaki abubuwan yau da kullun don gina tushe mai ƙarfi. Kuma da zarar an gama wannan, zaku kasance cikin matsayi don bincika sabbin dabaru da fara tunani kamar dan gwanin kwamfuta. Kuna iya bin abubuwan da aka ambata a ƙasa don fara aikinku kamar ɗan gwanin kwamfuta.

1. Binciko kayan yau da kullun

Abu ne mai mahimmanci don zama dan gwanin kwamfuta kuna buƙatar wasu ƙwarewar komputa na yau da kullun. Waɗannan ƙwararrun masaniyar sun fi ƙarfin ƙirƙirar daftarin aiki na Kalma ko kewaya Intanet. Kuna buƙatar iya amfani da layin umarni a cikin Windows, shirya rajista, kuma saita sigogin sadarwar ku. Kafin tafiya don koyon ma'anar shiga ba tare da izini ba, kana buƙatar ɓatar da lokaci sosai don yin bincike kan layi don neman ƙarin bayani game da shiga ba tare da izini ba. Wannan zai taimaka muku wajen aza tubalin matakan da ayyukanku na gaba.

2. Kwarewar Fasaha

Idan kuna son zama matsakaici ga mai fashin baƙi, kuna buƙatar samun waɗannan ƙwarewar fasaha masu zuwa.

>> Shiryawa

  • Wannan shine ainihin hacking din fasaha. Koyon shirye-shirye kamar koyon rubutu ne da kyakkyawan yare.
  • Kuna buƙatar koyon yadda ake warware matsaloli da sarrafa ayyukan kai tsaye.
  • Don zama babban gwanin ɗan gwanin kwamfuta, shirye-shirye shine mafi mahimmancin ƙwarewar da baza ku iya sakaci dashi ba.
  • Yana da kyau koyaushe a sami ilimin asali na yare na shirye-shirye kamar C, HTML, PHP, JavaScript, Da dai sauransu

>> Tsarin aiki

  • Akwai tsarin aiki da yawa banda UNIX.
  • Tsarin aiki na Windows shine ɗayan tsarin rikice rikice. Saboda haka, yana da kyau a koya game da shiga ba tare da izini ba tsarin Microsoft, wadanda suke tsarukan-tushen tsari ne.
  • Koyi komai game da OS akan yadda ake sarrafa su, tsarin aiki, samun dama ga na API, da ƙari.
  • Don zama babban ɗan fashin gwanin kwamfuta, kuna buƙatar sanin masanan waɗannan tsarukan aikin kuma gwada niyya su a tsare.

>> Sadarwar

Kuna buƙatar fahimtar ainihin abubuwan haɗin yanar gizo da ayyukan ciki kuma. Kuna buƙatar koya cikin zurfin yadda kowane nau'in fakiti ke ƙirƙira da tweaks da zaku iya sarrafa su. Kuna buƙatar samun kyakkyawar kyakkyawar masaniya game da waɗannan ra'ayoyin.

  • Subnet, LAN, WAN, VPN
  • DHCP
  • IPv4, IPv6
  • DNS
  • Tsarin OSI
  • Adireshin MAC
  • arp

>> Yanar Gizo Hacking

Akwai nau'ikan dabarun yin kutse na yanar gizo, google OWASP.

Idan kuna son zama ninja, kuna buƙatar samun ƙarin ilimi akan ra'ayoyin da aka bayar a ƙasa:

>> Cryptography

  • Idan ka sami ilimi mai zurfi a cikin rubutun sirri wanda ya hada da amfani, aiwatarwa, da kuma karya tsarin, to zai fi kyau ka zama babban dan dandatsa.
  • Gwargwadon yadda kuke koyon karfi da raunin kowane makami na lissafi, zai fi dacewa da cin nasara.
  • Bugu da ƙari, ɗan gwanin kwamfuta zai iya amfani da rubutun kalmomi don ɓoye ayyukansu don kaucewa ganowa.

>> Injiniyan baya (& debugging)

  • Injiniyan baya yana ba ka damar cire ɗan malware kuma ka sake gina shi tare da ƙarin fasali da ƙwarewa.
  • Kuna buƙatar koyon yadda zaku iya cire kuskure ko tarwatsawa da kuma nazarin software don fahimtar yadda software ke sarrafa bayanan ta da kuma tsarin cire bayanai daga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a lokacin gudu.
  • Ingantaccen aikin injiniya yana bawa ɗan gwanin kwamfuta damar yin amfani da ci gaba da haɓaka sa hannun sa ta yadda zai iya tsallake tsoffin IDS da gano AV.

>> (Anti-) Masu binciken likitoci

  • Za a dauke ku a matsayin gwanin gwanin kwamfuta ne kawai lokacin da ba a kama ku ba! Idan an kama ku kuna yin hacking, to ba za ku iya zama dan gwanin kwamfuta ba.
  • Arin sanin da kuke yi game da ilimin lamura na dijital, mafi kyau za ku iya haɓaka a gujewa da guje wa ganowa.
  • Koyi inda aka adana bayanan masu laifi kuma ku fahimci yadda za'a share su ba da kariya ba.

>> Amfani da rubutu

  • Kuna buƙatar sanin gyarawa da ƙwaƙwalwar kwamfuta don yin wannan.

>> Virtualization

  • Kuna buƙatar ƙwarewa ta amfani da ɗayan fakiti na ƙwarewar software waɗanda suka haɗa da VirtualBox ko VMWare Workstation.
  • Kuna buƙatar amintaccen kuma kariya yanayi don aiwatar da masu fashin bayananku kafin aiwatar dasu a cikin duniyar gaske.
  • Yanayi mai kyau shine mafi kyawun wuri wanda zai samar maka da yanayin kariya don gwadawa da kuma gyara masu fashin kwamfuta.

3. Nemi Mafari Mai Kyau da zaka Fara

Yana da matukar wahala neman mafi kyawun tushe don farawa daga tushen yau da kullun. Duk da cewa akwai miliyoyin littattafai da sauran kafofin a yanar gizo wadanda zasu koya maka yadda ake yin hacking, dukkansu suna bukatar masu karatu su samu ingantattun kwarewa da kuma ilimi dan fahimtar dabarun da aka gabatar dasu. Koyaya, duk waɗannan tushen bazai dace da buƙatunku ba.

Anan akwai babban tushe wanda zai taimaka wa masu farawa su sami ilimi mai yawa game da shiga ba tare da izini ba don masu karatu su iya fahimtar kowane ra'ayi da sauƙi. Wannan littafi ana kiransa Sirrin Hacking (HSE) wanda aka shawarce shi don masu fasaha da ke da babbar sha'awa ta fara yunƙurinsu na zama dan gwanin kwamfuta.

An Bayyana Sirrin Hacking (HSE)

Hacking: Fasahar Yin amfani da su

Tsawon Lokacin Me Za a Zama Dan Dandatsa?

Wannan tambayar tana da 'yar wahalar amsa tunda ba wani abu bane wanda za'a iya mallake shi dare daya. Yana buƙatar ilimi, ƙwarewa, kerawa, sadaukarwa, kuma, ba shakka, lokaci. Kowane mutum na iya zama dan dandatsa muddin suka koya shi daga tushe kuma suka gina tushe mai karfi. Don haka, idan kuna burin zama ɗan dandatsa, duk abin da kuke buƙata shine so da sha'awar koyo da kyakkyawar tushen ilimin da zai jagorance ku ta hanyoyi daban-daban tun daga tushe. Abu mafi mahimmanci a cikin zama mafi kyawun gwanin kwamfuta shine naci.

Hakanan ya dogara da irin ƙwarewar da kuke da shi da kuma ƙarfin aikinku a ciki tare da ƙuduri mai yawa. Yawancin mutanen da ke ƙoƙari na iya samun ƙwarewar kirki a cikin watanni goma sha takwas zuwa shekaru biyu idan sun mai da hankali kan hakan. Koyaya, yin kutse cikin teku babban teku ne wanda ke ɗaukar shekaru kafin ya gano sirrinsa. Kuma idan kai hacker ne na gaske, zaka iya amfani da sauran rayuwarka wajen koyo da bunkasa sana'arka.

Shekaru don Fara Koyon Hacking

Yankin da ya dace don fara koyon yin hacking shine kowane zamani wanda kake kwazo. Yawancin mutane suna da alama suna da sha'awar tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 20, amma kuna buƙatar sanin banbanci a duka hanyoyin.

Idan kana da duk dabarun da aka ambata a sama, zaka iya zama gwanin gwanin kwamfuta domin ka fara aiwatarwa a cikin duniyar gaske. Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama sune cikakkun matakai kan yadda ake zama gwanin kwamfuta wanda zai iya taimaka muku tafiya kan hanyar kasancewa ƙwararren ɗan fashin gwanin kwamfuta. Bi cikakken jagorar da na bayyana a cikin darasin don samun kyakkyawar masaniya game da shiga ba tare da izini ba kuma ku zama mai fa'ida a cikin shiga ba tare da izini ba!

Kyauta: Ga amsa daga Adrain Lamo daga Quora;

Auki ɗan jarrabawa a gare ni a yau. Faɗa mini idan kun dace da wannan bayanin. Kuna da asusun ajiyar ku watanni da yawa da suka gabata. Kuna yawo a yanar gizo, kuma kuna dariya da waɗannan rahotannin kafofin watsa labaru na babbar hanyar. Kuna da jan akwati; ba sai ka biya kudin kiran waya ba. Kuna da fasahohi, kuma kun gudanar da shi akan fayil ɗin kalmar sirri a Unix wanda kuka sami asusu akan shi. Kowane mutum a makarantar ku yana da sha'awar ilimin kwamfutarka; kai ne malamai suke neman taimako.

Shin wannan yana kama da ku? Kai ba dan Dandatsa bane

Akwai dubunnanku a wajen. Kuna saya 2600, kuma kuna tambaya. Kuna karanta Phrack, kuma kuna yin tambayoyi. Kuna shiga #hack, kuma kuna yin tambayoyi. Kuna yin duk waɗannan tambayoyin, kuma kuna tambaya menene ba daidai ba a wannan? Bayan duk wannan, zama dan dandatsa shine tambayar abubuwa, ko ba haka bane?

Amma, ba kwa son ilimi. Kuna son amsoshi. Ba kwa son koyon yadda abubuwa ke gudana. Kuna son amsoshi. Ba kwa son yin bincike. Abin da kawai kuke son sani shine amsar tambayoyinku na la'anoni.

Kai ba dan Dandatsa bane

Hacking ba batun amsoshi bane. Hacking yana game da hanyar da zaku bi don samun amsoshi. Idan kana son taimako, kar ka nemi amsa, ka nemi mai nuna maka hanyar da ya kamata ka bi don gano wadannan amsoshin da kanka.

Domin ba mutanen da ke da amsoshin bane masu fashin baki, mutane ne ke tafiya akan hanya.

via Shin Kai Dan Dandatsa ne? by Tsakar Gida asali via Sadarwar Sadarwar Yanar gizo

Ka tuna cewa ga kowane kayan aikin shiga ba tare da izini ba, koyaushe akwai kayan aikin shiga ba tare da izini ba. Sabili da haka, zama ɗan gwanin kwamfuta mai mahimmanci kuma mafi mahimmanci, zama ɗan fashin gwanin kwamfuta.

Kalmar shiga ba tare da izini ba ta daɗe da zama yanzu. Misali na farko na satar bayanai ya samo asali tun farkon shekarun 1960 a MIT, inda duka kalmomin Hacking da Hackers suka kirkira. Tun daga wannan lokacin, shiga ba tare da izini ba game da tsarin kwamfuta ta hanyar amfani da na'urar kwamfuta. Hacking hanya ce ta neman laulayi a cikin tsari da amfani da wadannan larurorin da aka samu don samun damar shiga cikin tsarin don aiwatar da ayyukan cutarwa tun daga share fayilolin tsarin ko satar bayanai masu mahimmanci.

Hacking haramtacce ne kuma yana iya haifar da mummunan sakamako idan an kama ku cikin aikatawa. An yanke wa mutane shekara da shekaru a kurkuku saboda satar bayanai. Koyaya, yin satar shiga yana iya zama doka idan aka yi tare da izini. Masana harkar komputa galibi kamfanoni ne ke daukar su aiki domin suyi kutse cikin tsarin su domin gano raunin da kuma raunin karshe domin a gyara su. Ana yin wannan a matsayin matakin kariya kan halattattun ckersan fashin kwamfuta waɗanda ke da mummunar manufa kamar mutanen da suka yi kutse cikin tsarin tare da izini ba tare da wata mummunar manufa ba an san su da masu da'a na ɗabi'a. Kuma, ana san aiwatar da shi azaman Hackanƙan Ethabi'a. Don haka yanzu, da yake mun san ainihin abin da hacking na ɗabi'a yake kuma su waye masu ɓata ɗabi'a, bari mu tafi kan nau'ikan masu fashin kwamfuta. Don haka da farko, muna da masu satar bayanan hat. Yanzu, farar hula masu fashin hauka wani suna ne na mai yin lalata da dabi'a.

Suna yin kutse cikin tsarin tare da izini na farko don gano raunin don a daidaita su a gaban mutum wanda mummunar manufa ta same su kuma suyi aikin sa da shi. Bayan wannan, Masu yin fashin baki, yanzu masu yin Hakar Hat, kuma ana kiranta masu fasa kwauri, su ne waɗanda suke yin kutse don samun hanyar izini ba da izini ba. Kuma, cutar da ayyukanta ko sata m bayanai. Black Hat Hacking haramtacce ne kuma koyaushe ya saba doka. Manufa ce da niyya wacce ta hada da satar bayanan kamfanoni, keta sirrin mutane, lalata tsarin, toshe hanyoyin sadarwa, da sauransu. Wadannan, muna da masu fashin hatta masu launin toka. Yanzu masu fashin hatta masu launin toka sune haɗakar duka Han Hat ɗin Hat da Farin Hat. Suna yin aiki ba tare da niyya ba, amma don raha, suna amfani da tsaro da rauni a cikin kwamfuta ko hanyar sadarwa ba tare da izinin mai shi ba ko sani.

Sun yi niyyar kawo rauni, da hankalin masu su, da kuma samun jin daɗi ta hanyar kan iyaka daga masu su. Lastarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba ne masu fashin kai. Yanzu, dan dandatsa na kashe kansa mutum ne wanda yake aiki da niyyar saukar da manyan kamfanoni da kayayyakin more rayuwa. Waɗannan nau'ikan masu fashin ba sa jin tsoron sakamakon ayyukansu, saboda galibi suna aiki ne don ɗaukar fansa a cikin tunaninsu. Wadannan mutane ana kiran su hacktivist. Domin galibi suna amfani da fasahar ne don yin sanarwar zamantakewar al'umma, da gyara akidar su.

Game da marubucin 

Imran Uddin


{"email": "Adireshin imel ba daidai ba ne", "url": "Adireshin gidan yanar gizo ba shi da inganci", "required": "Filin da ake buƙata ya ɓace"}