Wane Tsarin Gudanarwa kuke amfani dashi a kwamfutarka? Linux? Microsoft Windows? Mac OS X? Kuna iya gudanar da kowane ɗayan tsarukan aiki da yawa a kasuwa, amma abin shine, wannan ba shine kawai tsarin aikin da kuke gudana ba. Haka ne, idan kuna da Intel CPU ta zamani (an sake ta a cikin fewan shekarun nan) tare da ginanniyar Injin Injiniya, an sami wani tsarin aiki da yake aiki.
Wataƙila ba ku da wata ma'ana game da shi, amma a cikin ku Tsarin Intel, kuna da tsarin aiki mai suna 'MINIX' yana gudana ban da babbar OS din ku. Kuma yana daga gira da damuwa.
Don haka, menene MINIX?
Tsarin aiki ne wanda Intel ke zurfafawa a cikin kwamfutarka. Wannan tsarin na Unix-like OS Andrew Tanenbaum ne ya kirkireshi a 1987 a matsayin kayan aikin ilimi - don nuna aikin OS.
An ce MINIX ya rinjayi ci gaban kernel na Linux wanda Linus Torvalds ya kirkira. Koyaya, waɗannan suna da manyan bambance-bambance a cikin ƙirar su.
Bayan fitowar MINIX 3, ana haɓaka azaman Microkernel OS. Kuna iya samun MINIX 3 yana gudana akan kowane tebur mai kwakwalwa, kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ko sabar da aka ƙaddamar bayan shekara ta 2015. Tabbas wannan ya sa shi ya zama mafi amfani da tsarin aiki a duniya. Kodayake, ba kwa amfani da shi kwata-kwata.
Me yasa samun MINIX ya damu da mutane?
Wani rufin rufin asiri na MINIX (wanda shi kansa OS ne mai budewa) ya wanzu akan kansa CPU (Injin Injin Intel) wanda mu (mai amfani / mai inji) ba mu da damar shiga, amma yana da cikakken damar zuwa memorywa memorywalwar ajiya, rumbun kwamfutarka, TCP / IP tari. A takaice, duka. Wannan matakin na alfarma na iya sanya mutane cikin damuwa.
Injin Injin Injin ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan komputa ne, wanda aka gina shi cikin yawancin dandamali na tushen Intel® Chipset. Yana yin ayyuka daban-daban yayin da tsarin yake cikin bacci, yayin aiwatar da boot, da kuma lokacin da tsarinka ke gudana.
Galibi, kwamfutoci masu tushen x86 suna gudanar da software a matakan gata daban-daban ko “ringi”. Zobe mafi girma da aka yi amfani da shi don kunna matakan kariya daban, kuma ba za a iya samun damar masu amfani da shi ba shine “Zobe -3” (wannan “mummunan 3”). MINIX ya wanzu akan “Zobe -3” akan kansa CPU. Yawancin aikace-aikacen masu amfani ko shirye-shirye suna gudana da ƙananan dama "Ring 3" (ba tare da mummunan ba), kuma suna da ƙaramar damar zuwa kayan aikin. Mafi ƙarancin “Zobe” da kuke da damar shiga ta ainihi shine “Ring 0,” wanda shine inda kwayar OS ɗinku take (wacce kuka zaɓa da za ku yi amfani da ita, kamar Linux). Theananan lambar da shirin ku yake gudanarwa, mafi yawan damar da suke da ita ga kayan aikin. Marassa ƙarfe masu ƙarfe ƙarfe, kamar su Xen, suna kan ring -1. Hadadden Hadadden Firmware Interface (UEFI) yana gudana akan ring -2. Zobba biyu kuma ɗayan baya amfani da shi.
Koyaya, MINIX yana gudana a ring -3. Wannan yana nuna cewa baku da damar zuwa MINIX, amma MINIX yana da cikakke da cikakkiyar damar zuwa kwamfutarka. Ba za ku iya ganin shi ba ko sarrafa shi, amma ya san komai kuma yana ganin duka, wanda ke ba da babbar haɗarin tsaro.
Don haka, menene zai iya faruwa?
Bisa lafazin Google, wanda ke aiki tuƙuru don cire Injin Injin Injin (MINIX) daga sabobinsu na ciki (don dalilai na tsaro), waɗannan fasalulluka suna nan cikin wannan Ringarfin sirrin -3:
- Cididdigar sadarwar TCP / IP (4 da 6)
- Tsarin fayil
- Yawancin direbobi (gami da USB, linzamin kwamfuta, faifai, sadarwar, da sauransu)
- Sabar yanar gizo
Yana nufin, CPU ɗinku yana da sabar gidan yanar gizo na sirri wanda ba ku izinin shiga. Kuma ga alama, Intel ba ta son ku san shi. Gaskiyar cewa Ring -3 yana da damar shiga cikin 100 akan komai akan komputa kuma yana barin MINIX yayi aiki azaman sabar yanar gizo, yakamata ku ɗan firgita matashi.
Me yasa a wannan Duniyar akwai wata sabar yanar gizo a ɓoye ɓangare na CPU? ME YA SA?
MINIX shima yana da damar shiga kalmomin shiga. Hakanan yana iya sake dawo da firmware na kwamfutarka koda kuwa tana dauke da wuta. Yana nufin, idan kwamfutarka ba ta "kashe" amma har yanzu tana a haɗe, MINIX na iya yiwuwar canza ainihin saitunan kwamfutarka.
Wani abin firgitarwa shine cewa Ginin Injin Injiniya na iya lodawa da sauke fakitin bayanai koda kuwa an kunna katangar babbar OS dinka.
Menene Mafita?
Da kyau, maganin ba shine “Canja zuwa kwakwalwan AMD ba”. Layin AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU) na microprocessors suna da irin wannan fasalin inda suke saka ƙarin microcontroller na ARM, kuma wannan ma akwatin ban mamaki ne mai ban mamaki.
A cewar Ronald Minnich, wani masanin injiniyar manhajar Google, wanda ya gano wannan boyayyen tsarin na MINIX a cikin injiniyoyin Intel, “mafita guda daya da zan gani ita ce Intel ta watsar da lambar ta MINIX sannan ta yi amfani da babbar manhaja ta Linux wacce take da budaddiyar hanya. Wannan zai fi aminci. Ana amfani da software na yanzu ta hanyar 'tsaro ta hanyar rufin asiri'. ”
Don haka, me kuke tunani game da MINIX da Intel's ME chip? Yarda da tunaninku a cikin maganganun da ke ƙasa.
