U-Ethereum, i-cryptocurrency eyaziwayo, ekugqibeleni wenze inguqu elindelwe kakhulu, ukutshintshela kubungqina bobungqina. Kuthathe amashumi eminyaka kule nkqubo ihlaziyiweyo, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba “kukudityaniswa.” I-Ethereum Foundation ithi utshintsho lunciphise ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ka-Ethereum nge-99.95%.
I-blockchain ye-Ethereum igxininise kakhulu kubungqina bomsebenzi, inkqubo yesivumelwano ngokubanzi efuna isixa esibalulekileyo sabasebenzi bobungakanani ukusuka kwindawo nganye edibeneyo ebandakanyekayo kwi-blockchain.
I-algorithm yobungqina be-stake iguqula ngokusisiseko ukusebenza kwe-blockchain ye-Ethereum. Ekubeni i-ETH egxininisiweyo kunye nabaqinisekisi ngoku bakhusela inkqubo, akusekho mfuneko yokuba uqhube utshintshiselwano olutsha.
Ekuqaleni, inethiwekhi ye-Ethereum (i-PoW) isebenzise inkqubo yokuvumelana kobungqina bomsebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iintlobo zezoyikiso zemali zatshatyalaliswa, kwaye ii-node zenethiwekhi ye-Ethereum zinokufikelela kwimvumelwano malunga nemeko yangoku yazo zonke iinkcukacha ezigcinwe kwi-blockchain ye-Ethereum. U-Ethereum, okwangoku, wayeka ukusebenzisa ubungqina bomsebenzi ngo-2022 kwaye waqala ukusebenzisa ubungqina be-stake.
I-algorithm yokuvumelana kwe-PoW, ngokutsho kwe-Ethereum, "akunakwenzeka ukuba izinzile kwixesha elide" kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni izixhobo.
Ukuba ungathanda ukwazi ngakumbi malunga nento ehamba ngayo kwihlabathi le-crypto, ndwendwela cryptogorrila.com.
Iinzuzo ze-Ethereum Merge
Ukutshintshela kude nobungqina bomsebenzi ngokungathandabuzekiyo kuza kwisiqhamo sokuba i-Ethereum ihambisane ne-ecosphere, igcine indawo yayo phezulu, kwaye ihlale ithembekile kwimilinganiselo yayo yokuvuleleka kunye nokungabi namvume.
Ezinye iinkqubo zemvumelwano eziqeshwe yi-blockchains ukufikelela kwimvumelwano ebanzi isekelwe kubungqina be-stake. Ngomzamo wotyalo-mali, ukumbiwa kwemigodi kubungqina bokusebenza kubonisa ukuba babeka imali emngciphekweni. I-Ethereum isebenzisa ubungqina be-stake, apho i-supernodes ibeka imali ngokuzithandela ngohlobo lwe-ETH kwi-ledger ekwabelwana ngayo e-Ethereum. Ukuba umqinisekisi wenza ngobuqhetseba okanye ngokungakhathali, le ETH egxininisiweyo isebenza njengesibambiso esinokulahleka. I-validator, ngoko ke, ijongene nokuqinisekisa ukuba ii-nodes ezisanda kwakhiwa zisasazwa ngokusemthethweni kuwo wonke umnatha kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zivelisa kwaye zihambisa iibhloko ezintsha.
Ngokuhamba, i-blockchain yonke itshintshelwe kwi-nodes entsha yobungqina bobungqina (i-PoS), ebiza i-32 ETH ukujoyina. Ukufikelela kwabatyalomali kwii-ether tokens akuyi kuchaphazela konke, kwaye ii-apps ezisekelwe kwi-Ethereum zinokuqhubeka nokusebenza njengesiqhelo. Ababhalisi abanako ukukwazi ukuhambisa i-Ethereum-based holdings phambi kokuhlanganiswa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ka-Ethereum kuya kuthotywa ngu ~ 99.95% nje emva kokudibanisa ukusuka kwi-proof-of-work (PoW) ukuya kwi-proof-of-stake (PoS) (PoS). Emva nje kokudibanisa, i-Ethereum iya kuvelisa ukukhutshwa okumbalwa kakhulu.
Ukongezwa kwisicwangciso esikhoyo sobungqina bomsebenzi kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
IItrakthi ezibalulekileyo
- Ugcino lwamandla oluphezulu ngenxa yokuba izibalo zobungqina bomsebenzi awusebenzisi mzamo ungako.
- Ukunciphisa imiqobo yemveliso kunye nezixhobo ezimbalwa zophuhliso zithetha ukuba izixhobo zeprimiyamu ayimfuneko ukuba zibe nethuba lokuphumeza iibhloko ezintsha.
- Ukuncitshiswa kwamathuba okwenziwa kwasekhaya Iindawo ezininzi ziya kukhusela inkqubo ngenxa yobungqina be-stake.
- Ngenxa yeemfuno ezicacileyo zamandla aphantsi, i-ETH encinci kufuneka ikhutshwe ukuze kwandiswe ukubandakanyeka. Iziphumo zoqoqosho zokuziphatha kakubi zenza i-51% yeentlobo zoqhankqalazo zibize kakhulu kumngeneleli kunezoyikiso zobungqina bokusebenza. Ukuba i-51% yohlaselo yayiza kuphumelela nangona ukhuseleko lwe-crypto-economic, uluntu lunokuthi luguqukele ekubuyiseleni ukubuyiswa kwentlalo noqoqosho ngokulandelelana kokwenyani.
Umsebenzi omele wenziwe njengobungqina bomsebenzi
Ukufumana inombolo yokulandelelana kwebhloko, abavukuzi kufuneka bakhuphisane kumdlalo onzima wezilingo kunye neempazamo usebenzisa ubungqina bomsebenzi we-algorithm Ethash. Kwikhonkco kunokwaziswa iibhloko kunye nesazisi esisebenzayo.
Umsebenzi-mgodini okhuphisana nokwakha ibhloko kufuneka aqhubeke eqhuba i-dataset, enokufunyanwa kuphela ngokufumana kunye nokucubungula lonke ikhonkco ngokusebenzisa i-equation yokubala. I-mixHash engezantsi imilinganiselo echazwe yinkimbinkimbi yebhloko yaveliswa ngokusebenzisa i-dataset. Iimvavanyo kunye neempazamo zezona ndlela zibalaseleyo zokufunda indlela yokufikelela oku.
Injongo ye-hash yakhethwa ngokusekelwe kubunzima. Inani leeheshi ezichanekileyo liyancipha njengoko ixabiso ekujoliswe kulo liyancipha.
Oku bekulula kwabanye abasebenzi-mgodini kunye nabathengi ukuba baqinisekise xa sele yenziwe. I-hash iya kwahluka ngokupheleleyo nokuba umsebenzi omnye utshintshile, ebonisa ubuqhetseba.
Ubuqhophololo bubonakala ngakumbi ngenxa ye-hashing. Nangona kunjalo, inkqubo yobungqina bomsebenzi ngokwayo yayingumqobo obalulekileyo wokuqhawula ikhonkco.
Imingcipheko ye-Ethereum Merge
I-Ethereum Merge ezayo ibeka iinkxalabo ezininzi kuba lolona hlengahlengiso lukhulu kwisiseko se-cryptocurrency blockchain okwangoku. Ezinye zeengozi ze-Ethereum Merge ziphawulwe ngezantsi:
Ekubeni abacebisi benethiwekhi baya kubhengezwa kwangaphambili ngenxa yokutshintshela kwi-PoS, baya kuba sesichengeni sokuhlaselwa kwe-DoS. Umzekelo, ukuba isoyikiso esikhohlakeleyo silindile emgceni ukucebisa ezimbalwa kwezi bloko zilandelayo kwi-blockchain, banokuzama ukwenza i-DoS (uhlaselo oluphambili lwenethiwekhi) kwindawo yomcebisi ekhoyo, eya kubenza baphose ukuvulwa kwabo. kwaye uvumele umhlaseli ukuba aqokelele ugqithiselo kuloo ndawo ingenamntu. Iindlela ziyaphononongwa ukuze kugcinwe ukhetho lomenyiweyo luyimfihlo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuseyingozi.
Ngohlaziyo lwe-Ethereum, ubungqina obukhoyo bokusebenza (i-PoW) yemvumelwano ye-protocol iya kunika indlela yobungqina be-stake (PoS).
Kudla ngokuthiwa kubanini be-Ether (ETH) abaninzi, ukudibanisa i-staking pool iya kuba yindlela yabo yodwa yokuqokelela imveliso evela kwi-staking benefits ukuba abanayo i-32 ETH efunekayo ukuze ube ngumqinisekisi ngamnye.
Uninzi lwabahlali be-crypto lusaqhelana ne-staking, ke kuphela ukuba sele unayo i-32 ETH yokuphumla ngeenxa zonke kuya kufuneka uthathe inxaxheba kwelinye lamachibi e-staking ukufumana imveliso kwi-ETH yakho.
Okwangoku, kucetyiswa ukuba izisombululo ezidibeneyo "zizisa isoyikiso sazo" kuba zihlala zifuna abathengi ukuba batyale imali kwaye bayeke ubunini be-ETH yabo.
Songa
Ngelixa eyona cryptocurrency igqwesileyo, iBitcoin, ithathwa njengethiyori yeyelenqe esebenzisa umthamo omkhulu wamandla, ukudibana kuya kunceda i-Ethereum ukuba yamkele indlela elungele indalo.
Oku kubonisa ukuba uphuculo kufuneka lwandise ukusetyenziswa kothungelwano kunye nophuhliso ngelixa kuxhamlisa okusingqongileyo. Amashishini anokufumana kulula kakhulu kwaye aphucule ngesibindi ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi ye-Ethereum ngaphandle kokukhathazeka malunga nemithetho yokugcina amandla.
